I quickly discovered that unlike the work I did to
complete the rolling chassis, work on the engine was a matter of much, much
smaller tolerances. Things in the engine are measured in terms of thousanths of
an inch. Being a rookie, I found myself doing, then redoing the same tasks over
again just to make sure I got them right. Although I understood academically
what it is I was doing, my hands had no experience, so therefore they had to be
"taught" to get it right.
Crankshaft Clearance
The first step I took was to measure the clearances between the crankshaft
journals and the bearings. I did this by fitting new oversized (.010") bearing
shells into the main bearing surfaces, then added three strips of plastigauge
to each shell. I placed a strip on either end of the shell, and one right in
the center. This gave me a total of 9 strips across three bearings. Next (being
careful to not rotate the shaft at any time) I laid the crankshaft across the
bearings, inserted the remaining three shells into the three bearing caps,
placed the bearing caps in the block (being careful to align the engine
numbers) and torqued the six cap bolts down to 90 lbs. Then I backed off the
bolts, removed the caps, removed the crankshaft which allowed me to measure the
amount of "squish" in the plastigauge. I ended up with the following
measurements:
| Front Bearing |
Left |
.0015" |
| Center |
.002" |
| Right |
.0015" |
| Center Bearing |
Left |
.0015" |
| Center |
.002" |
| Right |
.0015" |
| Rear Bearing |
Left |
.002" |
| Center |
.002" |
| Right |
.0015" |
The manual lists the clearances at .0015" - .0025" with a wear limit of
.0031", therefore my measurements were within range. This confirmed that
the machine shop ground the crankshaft correctly and that the new bearing
shells were correct as well; and most importantly that they mated well
together! If something was out of range, I would be revisiting the machine shop
or checking the quality of the bearings/shells. Once the measuring was
completed, I removed the center cap in order to perform the end-float check.
Crankshaft End-Float
The point of checking the end-float is to measure how much free vertical
movement (from bearing to bearing) the crankshaft will experience in the
engine. The workshop manual says that .004" - .006" is "desirable", but lists
.0048" - .0117" as "Mfg." and .015 as "Wear limit".
With the crankshaft still secured in the block by the front and rear bearing
caps, I placed a dial indicator on the rear flange of the crank and pushed
the crank as far towards the front of the engine as it would go, and checked
the DI value. Then I pushed the crank as far to the rear as it would go, and
checked the DI value. Subtracting the difference from the first reading gave me
an end-float of .061".
I then placed the upper half of new standard-sized thrust washers to either side
of the center bearing by rotating them into the appropriate space. The
end-float with top washers only was .008".
Next, I added the bottom portion of the thrust washers to either side of the
center bearing cap and placed it into position. Without any bolts
securing the cap to the block, I measured again and got .008".
Next, I added and torqued down the bolts and performed the
measurement operation again and came up with an end-float of .004". Seeing how
this was .004" off from the measurement taken without the cap being torqued
down, I did this measurement two more times, each with a result of .004". Being
satisfied, I determined that the new standard thrust washers were going to work
out just fine. I then removed all three caps, then the crankshaft, and finally
the rear bearing shells in order to perform the next step.
Rear Oil Seal (Scroll Type)
With the shells out of the rear bearing surfaces, I placed the rear seal tool
that I borrowed from Ed Barnard, a Triumph specialist in the DFW area, into the
rear bearing surface and used it according to the Bentley manual. After
performing the steps to align the two halves of the rear oil seal, I
placed the upper bearing shell onto the bearing surface and laid the crankshaft
into the block. I then used a feeler gauge and checked for the .003" clearance
needed between the crankshaft and the rear seal. I am glad I did this, as I did
not have .003" clearance all the way around the seal.
What I ended up doing was pulling the rear cap back off, loosening the bolts
holding the seal to the block, then basically fiddling with the seal through
what seemed like an endless series of trial and error adjustments to get a
complete .003" clearance between it and the crankshaft scolls. Once this was
accomplished, I tightened the seal up to the block and measured again, just to
be sure.
Then I loosened the seal on the cap, secured the cap back in place, then
pressed the cap-half of the seal flush against the seal half already
secured to the block. I then used the feeler gauge to measure any gap between
the two seal halves. When I could not fit even the smallest gauge between them,
I tightened down the seal to the cap and measured again.
Finishing Up
Last step was to add the thrust washers and the center cap back into place,
torque the bolts down, then recheck the end-float to ensure that the crank was
not getting fouled-up on the newly added rear oil seal. I rotated the crank
several times to make sure that it was a smooth rotation all the way round,
being sensitive to any extra effort required to turn the crank past any point.
I was also listening carefully for any odd sounds coming from the rotation. The
only sound I heard was the sound of the crank running past the thrust washer
surfaces.
Last steps were to soak several ~1" strips of felt in Wellseal and ram them
into the slots on either side of the rear bearing cap. This makes a horrendous
mess as the Wellseal comes gushing out of the cracks and runs down into the
block. I'll be figuring out how to clean that up later. I then added the
T-shaped cork pieces, soaked in Wellseal, after trimming to size, to the front
sealing block. I added a good bit of Hylomar to the ends of the block itself
then secured it to the front bearing cap as described in the manual.
Tid Bits
Here are some extra bits of info you might find useful:
-
The threads were cleaned on all fasteners before using. Bolts were cleaned with
a wire wheel. Holes in the block were treated with a tap.
-
Hylomar was used between the rear oil seal halves and the respective mating
surfaces on the block and the rear cap. On the rear cap, be careful not to
block the small oil drainage hole!!
-
Adding and removing the rear cap several times with the soft, aluminum seal in
place resulted in the seal being "creased" where it ran up against the
block. This caused the cap-half of the seal to not seat properly on the block
half because this "crease" prevented it from traveling into position. To get
this right, I had to file the imperfection out.
-
Make sure to use plenty of assembly lube between the crank journals and the
bearing shells. You know you've used enough when its absolutely
everywhere. Also recommend filling up the insides of the crank for good
measure.
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